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“It seems progress in science often leaps out of dark corners and unexpected places.”
— Dan Levitt, What’s Gotten Into You
SCIENCE
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SCIENCE INFORMATION
Science Policy
the next 75 years
By The Kavli Foundation
The 75th anniversary of Science, The Endless Frontier, combined with the particularly complex and turbulent events of recent years, created a valuable opportunity to consider science and technology policies the U.S. will need to support a thriving scientific enterprise for the next 75 years. Seizing this opportunity, Issues in Science and Technology published a series of online articles written by diverse leading experts, scholars, and practitioners, to explore different issues and share policy ideas that will fuel the U.S. science and technology engine for the next 75 years and beyond.
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The Innovation Issue
By MIT Technology Review
Check it out! Lots science articles to read here!
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In The Gray Areas
By Issues in Science and Technology
What does it mean to push the frontiers of biomedicine if those advances do not or cannot benefit the patients who most need them? What does it say about the world’s top research universities if the women studying and working at those institutions are not safe from sexual harassment? How useful is the work of scientists and scientific agencies if researchers are unable to communicate effectively with citizens and their elected representatives? Essays in the Winter 2023 edition of Issues grapple with the obligations of scientific knowledge—and, crucially, offer ways to address the tensions and problems that can arise from advances in science and technology.
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10 Physics Books to Answer Your Questions
ABOUT LIFE, THE UNIVERSE AND EVERYTHING
By Senjuti Patra — BookRiot
Physics, as a science that tries to understand how the universe really works, is fascinating and inspiring — not only to scientists and academics, but also to lay readers and writers of speculative fiction. It is the science that most frequently veers into the territory of philosophy.
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Hindu-Arabic Numerals and Algebra
zero to infinity
By PBS NOVA
Learn where today’s widely used number system and basic math functions came from in this video from NOVA: Zero to Infinity. Use this resource to illustrate an example of the contributions of diverse cultures to the mathematics systems we use today.
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What’s Gotten Into You
The Story of Your Body’s Atoms, from the Big Bang Through Last Night’s Dinner
By
A wondrous, wildly ambitious, and vastly entertaining work of popular science that tells the awe-inspiring story of the elements that make up the human body, and how these building blocks of life traveled billions of miles and across billions of years to make us who we are.
Every one of us contains a billion times more atoms than all the grains of sand in the earth’s deserts. If you weigh 150 pounds, you’ve got enough carbon to make 25 pounds of charcoal, enough salt to fill a saltshaker, enough chlorine to disinfect several backyard swimming pools, and enough iron to forge a 3-inch nail.
But how did these elements combine to make us human?
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Book Review: What’s Gotten Into You
Review By Harvey Freedenberg — BookPage
Dan Levitt delivers a survey of life’s building blocks that’s intelligent, accessible and just sheer fun.
Even if the word science only conjures up bad memories of frog dissections and failed lab experiments, you’ll find much to enjoy in Dan Levitt’s What’s Gotten Into You: The Story of Your Body’s Atoms, From the Big Bang Through Last Night’s Dinner. Levitt, a writer and producer of science and history documentaries, delivers a survey of life’s building blocks that’s intelligent, accessible and just sheer fun.
Levitt launches his inquiry with two fundamental questions: “What are we actually made of? And where did it come from?”
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Scientists Identify “Pioneer Peptide”
that may have sparked life on earth
By Rutgers University
A team of Rutgers University scientists dedicated to pinpointing the primordial origins of metabolism – a set of core chemical reactions that first powered life on Earth – has identified part of a protein that could provide scientists clues to detecting planets on the verge of producing life.
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Plants Emit Sounds
too high for human ears…when stressed out
By Madison Dapcevich — IFL Science
Some plants emit “ultrasonic clicks” inaudible to the human ear when under life-threatening stress, a new study has found. Recordings reveal each sound contains information about a plant’s current state of being. Not only were stressed plants noisier, but the researchers claim that they gave off different sounds depending on what was happening.
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Water on Earth Might Predate the Solar System
By Colin Stuart — Sky & Telescope
Astronomers studying the water vapor around a newborn star find that it’s chemically similar to ice in solar system comets, a possible source of Earth’s oceans.
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Water on the Moon
By Chinese Academy of Sciences — SciTechDaily
Researchers have discovered that impact glass beads in Chang’e-5 lunar soils contain water. These glass beads are thought to represent a new water reservoir on the Moon, capturing the dynamic exchange of water derived from solar wind. This finding suggests that these beads play a role in the lunar surface water cycle as a buffer.
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Brain Cells in a Lab Dish Play Pong
and offer a window into intelligence
By John Hamilton – NPR
A dish of living brain cells has learned to play the 1970s arcade game Pong.
About 800,000 cells linked to a computer gradually learned to sense the position of the game’s electronic ball and control a virtual paddle, a team reports in the journal Neuron.
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Organoid Intelligence
move over ai
By CNN
Computers powered by human brain cells may sound like science fiction, but a team of researchers in the United States believes such machines, part of a new field called “organoid intelligence,” could shape the future — and now they have a plan to get there.
Organoids are lab-grown tissues that resemble organs. These three-dimensional structures, usually derived from stem cells, have been used in labs for nearly two decades, where scientists have been able to avoid harmful human or animal testing by experimenting on the stand-ins for kidneys, lungs and other organs.
Brain organoids don’t actually resemble tiny versions of the human brain, but the pen dot-size cell cultures contain neurons that are capable of brainlike functions, forming a multitude of connections.
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What’s Living Inside You?
Discover how a world of microbes living in and on you can make you sick-and keep you healthy.
By PBS NOVA
Whether they make you fat, fart, or freak out, microbes play a central role in your life. Right beneath your nose—on your face, in your gut, and everywhere in between—trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi are so abundant in your body, they outnumber your human cells.
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The Origin of Life on Earth
ancient proteins offer a clue
By Johns Hopkins University
Researchers have used laboratory simulations to recreate the conditions of early Earth and have discovered that the evolution of ancient proteins into all forms of life on the planet, including plants, animals, and humans, would not have been possible without specific amino acids.
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The Building Blocks of Life
Picked up by asteroids from interstellar clouds
By IGNAT
According to new research, interstellar clouds may have played a crucial role in the formation of amino acids, which are a fundamental component of life. Amino acids could have originated in the interstellar molecular clouds that gave rise to the solar system, before being carried by asteroids and eventually crashing on Earth. Understanding how and where amino acids are formed is essential to comprehending the origin of life.
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Three Time Dimensions
one space dimension
By University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics
A Revolutionary New Physics Hypothesis
How would our world be perceived by observers moving faster than light in a vacuum? According to theorists from Warsaw and Oxford universities, such a view would differ from what we encounter daily, with the presence of not only spontaneous phenomena but also particles traveling multiple paths simultaneously.
Futhermore, the very concept of time would be completely transformed!
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Organoid Intelligence
Revolutionary Biocomputers Powered by Human Brain Cells
By Frontiers in Science — SciTechDaily
Despite AI’s impressive track record, its computational power pales in comparison with a human brain. Now, scientists unveil a revolutionary path to drive computing forward: organoid intelligence, where lab-grown brain organoids act as biological hardware.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has long been inspired by the human brain. This approach proved highly successful: AI boasts impressive achievements – from diagnosing medical conditions to composing poetry. Still, the original model continues to outperform machines in many ways. This is why, for example, we can ‘prove our humanity’ with trivial image tests online. What if instead of trying to make AI more brain-like, we went straight to the source?
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Revolutionary Blue Crystal
resurrects hope of room temperature conductivity
By Robert F. Service — Science.Org
Has the quest for room temperature superconductivity finally succeeded? Researchers at the University of Rochester (U of R), who previously were forced to retract a controversial claim of room temperature superconductivity at high pressures, are back with an even more spectacular claim.
Physicist Ranga Dias says he has found a material that superconducts at room temperature and relatively low pressures. This material could lead to hyperefficient electricity grids and computer chips.
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Worm Moon / Death Moon
By Gordon Johnston — NASA
The March full moon has many names including Crow, Crust, Sap, Sugar, Worm, or Death Moon. Southern Native American tribes called it the Worm Moon because earthworm casts that appeared as the ground thawed at this time of year.
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Fossil Fuels Kill More People Than Covid
Why are we so blind to the harms of oil and gas?
By Rebecca Solnit — The Guardian
Were we able to perceive afresh the sheer scale of fossil fuel impact we might be horrified, but because this is an old problem too many don’t see it as a problem.
If fossil fuel use and impact had suddenly appeared overnight, their catastrophic poisonousness and destructiveness would be obvious. But they have so incrementally become part of everyday life nearly everywhere on Earth that those impacts are largely accepted or ignored.
Why is that?
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Miniproteins: The Key to Human Evolution
appeared out of nowhere
By Jess Thomson — Newsweek
The origins of millions of tiny proteins in our bodies, previously assumed to be useless, have now been discovered.
A study published on February 17 in the Journal Molecular Cell describes how these microproteins developed millions of years later in our evolution than larger proteins.
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10 Emerging Computer Technologies
that will shape the future
By Gunett Kaur — The Cointelegraph
Discover 10 emerging technologies in computer science that are set to shape the future, including quantum computing, extended reality and robotics.
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Is the Brain a Quantum Computer?
A remarkable pair of studies suggests so
By Troy Farah — Salon
If someone were to (theoretically) throw a wrench at your head, you might be able to catch it just in time to avoid a concussion. But how? Typically, for split-second reactions, we do not consciously decide to catch. Your brain reacts, does the catching thing, and you don’t have to think about it at all.
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Existential Physics
A Scientist’s Guide to Life’s Biggest Questions
By Sabine Hossenfelder
Not only can we not currently explain the origin of the universe, it is questionable we will ever be able to explain it. The notion that there are universes within particles, or that particles are conscious, is ascientific, as is the hypothesis that our universe is a computer simulation. On the other hand, the idea that the universe itself is conscious is difficult to rule out entirely.
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The Reason Our Universe Is Expanding
By Naked Science
This episode delves into the mysterious extremes of our universe, tracing the ongoing journey of scientists to discover the mechanics of the cosmos while adjusting their theories with each new discovery. From Isaac Newton’s publication of his laws of gravitational attraction, to Einstein’s theory of General Relativity 200 years later. The episode develops further into the 20th century, as quantum physics offered new insights into light and matter.
Watch the YouTube Video.
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What Is Happening “Now” Is Relative
In special relativity, the statement that two events happened at the same time is meaningless.
By Sabine Hossenfelder — BIG THINK
- We always see things as they looked a little bit earlier, but we don’t normally notice this in everyday life. It gets even weirder, though.
- In special relativity, the statement that two events happened at the same time is meaningless.
- Every event is “now” for someone.
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“Absolutely, the NOW doesn’t exist, but subjectively we perceive each moment as special.”
— Sabine Hossenfelder, Existential Physics
Does the Past Still Exist
By Sabine Hossenfelder
Watch the YouTube Video!
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Science
without the gobbledygook
By Sabine Hossenfelder
Watch these great YouTube Videos!
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“If we can’t do anything about it anyway, it’s pointless to fret about it.”
— Sabine Hossenfelder, Existential Physics
Where Are All the Hidden Dimensions?
By History of the Universe
Watch the YouTube Video!
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What Is Time? What Is Space?
By Carlo Rovelli
“A novel image of the world is taking shape in fundamental physics: a world without time and without space. Time and space as we know them will disappear from the scientific picture of the world, in the same way in which the centre of the universe did”.
In this agile text, derived from a long interview, Carlo Rovelli, theoretical physicist and pioneer of modern quantum gravity, describes his personal and intellectual journey, starting from the rebellion of his young years and the discovery of the “enchanting adventure” of theoretical research, till the vertiginous hypotheses of today’s physics. In a simple language, Rovelli introduces us to a “space” made of grains, a “time” which is the result of our ignorance, to hot black holes and how to think about the beginning of the universe.
But he also discusses the value, the risks, and the fascination of this quest. Science, for Rovelli, is a continuous exploration of new ways of thinking the world, the desire of looking “beyond the hill” and seeing the world always with new eyes, the choice of never giving up dreams.
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What Is the Planck Time?
By Andrew May — Space.com
The almost impossibly brief Planck time has been known since the 19th century. Originally dismissed as a mere curiosity, it may hold the key to understanding the universe.
The Planck time is an incredibly small interval of time that emerges naturally from a few basic quantities in theoretical physics. When it was discovered by Max Planck at the end of the 19th century, it seemed to be no more than a scientific curiosity. But today it plays a tantalizing role in our understanding of the Big Bang and the search for a theory of quantum gravity.
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There May Have Been a Second Big Bang
By
Within a month of the Big Bang, a second cosmic explosion may have given the universe its invisible dark matter, new research suggests.
The Big Bang may have been accompanied by a shadow, “Dark” Big Bang that flooded our cosmos with mysterious dark matter, cosmologists have proposed in a new study. And we may be able to see the evidence for that event by studying ripples in the fabric of space-time.
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Superposition of Photon
Goes Forward and Backward in Time
By Dr. Alfredo Carpineti — IFLSCIENCE
Experiments demonstrate that it is possible to put a photon in a superposition of processes going in opposite time directions.
Two different groups have tested a seemingly counter-intuitive property of the quantum world: That it’s possible to put a photon, a particle of light, in a superposition of states going forward and backward in time. This is not time travel and won’t lead to communicating with the past – but it is an intriguing demonstration of how time can be thought to work at a quantum level.
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How Does Light Actually Work?
By History of the Universe
Watch the YouTube video!
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Why Does Time Move Forward?
But not Backward
By Sabine Hossenfelder — BigThink
Sabine Hossenfelder explains it all!
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Carlo Rovelli Interview
“reality is not things but connections.”
By New Scientist
Inspired by the art of Cornelia Parker, physicist Carlo Rovelli explains the idea of relational quantum mechanics – and how it could resolve some key problems concerning the nature of reality.
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Consciousness Is Irrelevant to Quantum Mechanics
an interview with Carlo Rovelli
Interviewed By Alexis Papazoglou — Editor for IAI News
In this interview, Carlo Rovelli explains Heisenberg’s anti-realist motivations, clarifies the role of the “observer” in quantum mechanics, and articulates his relational interpretation of the theory, according to which reality is a network of interactions.
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Where Do Space, Time and Gravity Come From?
By Quanta Magazine
Einstein’s description of curved space-time doesn’t easily mesh with a universe made up of quantum wavefunctions. Theoretical physicist Sean Carroll discusses the quest for quantum gravity with host Steven Strogatz.
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The Biggest Ideas in the Universe
By Sean Carroll — The Royal Institution
Join Sean M Carroll as he explores deep questions about the cosmos, laying out the framework of classical physics from Euclid and Galileo to Newton and Einstein.
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Quantum Field Theory
something is missing!
By Michael Driver — Quanta Magazine
Quantum field theory may be the most successful scientific theory of all time, predicting experimental results with stunning accuracy and advancing the study of higher dimensional mathematics. Yet, there’s also reason to believe that it is missing something. Steven Strogatz speaks with David Tong, a theoretical physicist at the University of Cambridge, to explore the open questions of this enigmatic theory.
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Quantum Field Theory
a new mathematical puzzle
By Leia Slomon — Quanta Magazine
Mathematicians have struggled to understand the moduli space of graphs. A new paper uses tools from physics to peek inside. Last month, Karen Vogtmann and Michael Borinsky posted a proof that there is a truckload of mathematical structure within a hitherto inaccessible mathematical world called the moduli space of graphs, which Vogtmann and a collaborator first described in the mid-1980s.
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Quantum Entanglement
two atoms 20 miles apart
By Ben Taub — IFLSCIENCE
By quantum entangling two stationary atoms across 20 miles of fiber optic cable, researchers may have paved the way for the creation of a quantum internet.
A new quantum entanglement record has just been set by physicists at Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) who successfully connected two rubidium atoms across 33 kilometers (20 miles) of fiber optic cable. The achievement represents a major milestone in the quest toward a quantum internet, which would allow for the instantaneous transmission of information between nodes in a network.
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Quantum Entanglement Directly Observed
at the macroscopic scale
By David Nield — SCIENCE ALERT
Quantum entanglement is the binding together of two particles or objects, even though they may be far apart – their respective properties are linked in a way that’s not possible under the rules of classical physics. It’s a weird phenomenon that Einstein described as “spooky action at a distance”, but its weirdness is what makes it so fascinating to scientists.
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Quantum Entanglement
wins the 2022 nobel prize in physics
By Ethan Siegel — BIG Think
There’s a simple but profound question that physicists, despite all we’ve learned about the Universe, cannot fundamentally answer: “What is real?” We know that particles exist, and we know that particles have certain properties when you measure them. But we also know that the very act of measuring a quantum state — or even allowing two quanta to interact with one another — can fundamentally alter or determine what you measure. An objective reality, devoid of the actions of an observer, does not appear to exist in any sort of fundamental way.
But that doesn’t mean there aren’t rules that nature must obey.
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How Our Reality May Be
the sum of all possible realities
By Kristina Armitage — Quanta Magazine
Richard Feynman’s path integral is both a powerful prediction machine and a philosophy about how the world is. But physicists are still struggling to figure out how to use it, and what it means.
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Richard Feynman on Quantum Mechanics
Photons Corpuscles of Light
By Narayan Behera
Watch the YouTube video!
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History of Quantum Entanglement
that led to the nobel prize
By Hamish Johnston — Physics World
This episode of the Physics World Weekly podcast focuses on the 2022 Nobel Prize for Physics, which is shared by Alain Aspect, John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger for their experimental work on the quantum entanglement of photons.
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Visualizing the Proton
a Physicists’ Innovative Animation Depicts the Subatomic World in a New Way
By Sarah Costello, MIT School of Science — SciTechDaily
Try to picture a proton — the tiny, positively charged particle within an atomic nucleus — and you may envision a familiar, textbook diagram: a bundle of billiard balls representing quarks and gluons. From the solid sphere model first proposed by John Dalton in 1803 to the quantum model put forward by Erwin Schrödinger in 1926, there is a storied timeline of physicists attempting to visualize the invisible.
Check out the amazing pictures!
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Seven Brief Lessons on Physics
By Carlo Rovelli
This playful, entertaining, and mind-bending introduction to modern physics briskly explains Einstein’s general relativity, quantum mechanics, elementary particles, gravity, black holes, the complex architecture of the universe, and the role humans play in this weird and wonderful world.
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Quantum Mechanics
how the Future Might Influence the Past
By
A growing group of experts think that we should abandon the assumption that present actions can’t affect past events. Called “retrocausality”, this option claims to rescue both locality and realism.
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Why Scientists Are Worried About the W Boson
Something is amiss!
And things have changed!
By Monisha Ravisetti — C/NET Science
And that something could totally change one of the universe’s most fundamental frameworks.
You’ve probably heard of protons, positive specks anchoring atoms. You’ve likely come across electrons, negative blips roaming around those protons. You may have even pondered photons, the stuff coming out of light bulbs in your room.
But right now, we need to worry about an odd little particle that usually escapes the limelight: the W boson.
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The Climate Book
the facts and the solutions
By Greta Thunberg
We still have time to change the world. From Greta Thunberg, the world’s leading climate activist, comes the essential handbook for making it happen.
You might think it’s an impossible task: secure a safe future for life on Earth, at a scale and speed never seen, against all the odds. There is hope – but only if we listen to the science before it’s too late.
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Anaximander by Carlo Rovelli
Reviewed By Tim Adams — The Guardian
Something very startling happened in Miletus, the ancient Greek city on the modern Turkish coast, in about 600BC. That something, physicist Carlo Rovelli argues in this enjoyable and provocative little book, occurred in the interaction between two of the place’s greatest minds. The first, Thales, one of the seven sages of ancient Greece, is often credited as the pioneer in applying deductive reasoning to geometry and astronomy; he used his mathematics, for example, to predict solar eclipses. Wondrous as this was, it was the reaction of the second man, Thales’s fellow citizen, Anaximander, 11 years his junior that, Rovelli argues, changed the world.
Anaximander: “the first human to argue that rain was caused by the observable movements of air and the heat of the sun rather than the intervention of gods”.
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Your Lying Mind
We’re hardwired to delude ourselves.
By Isabel Fattal –The Atlantic
What can we do about it?
In her 2017 article “This Article Won’t Change Your Mind,” my colleague Julie Beck asks a social psychologist: “What would get someone to change their mind about a false belief that is deeply tied to their identity?”
The answer? “Probably nothing.”
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Why We Need New Stories on Climate
‘If you win the popular imagination, you change the game’
By Rebecca Solnit — The Guardian
So much is happening, both wonderful and terrible – and it matters how we tell it. We can’t erase the bad news, but to ignore the good is the route to indifference or despair.
Every crisis is in part a storytelling crisis. This is as true of climate chaos as anything else. We are hemmed in by stories that prevent us from seeing, or believing in, or acting on the possibilities for change. Some are habits of mind, some are industry propaganda. Sometimes, the situation has changed but the stories haven’t, and people follow the old versions, like outdated maps, into dead ends.
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The Petroleum Papers
Inside the Far-Right Conspiracy to Cover Up Climate Change
By Geoff Dembicki
Burning fossil fuels will cause catastrophic global warming: this is what top American oil executives were told by scientists in 1959. But they ignored that warning.
Instead, they developed one of the biggest, most polluting oil sources in the world—the oil sands in Alberta, Canada. As investigative journalist Geoff Dembicki reveals in this explosive book, the decades-long conspiracy to keep the oil sands flowing into the U.S. would turn out to be one of the biggest reasons for the world’s failure to stop the climate crisis.
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How Science Might Save Us
a conversation with Martin Rees
By John Mecklin — Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Martin Rees offers a thumbnail take on biological terrorism, in the process illustrating why he is known as one of the world’s most effective communicators on existential risk. “I worry very much about how we can be sure that some bad actor, as it were, doesn’t secretly develop some very dangerous pathogen and release it,” he said. “It’s unlikely that many people wish to do this. But when the release of a pathogen could lead to a global pandemic, one such person is too many. As I put it, the global village will have its village idiots, but they will have global range.”
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Climate Change from A to Z
stories we tell ourselves about the future
By Elizabeth Kolbert — The New Yorker
Read (or listen to audio) right here, right now. Don’t wait.
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Turning Out the Lights Just Isn’t Going to Do It
an interview with environmental journalist Elizabeth Kolbert
By Donna Seaman — Creative Nonfiction
The challenges of writing about climate change — the biggest story of our time.
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Future Shock
By Alvin Toffler
The classic work that predicted the anxieties of a world upended by rapidly emerging technologies—and now provides a road map to solving many of our most pressing crises.
And now it’s in eBook format released January 11, 2022!
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Void: The Strange Physics of Nothing
By James Owen Weatherall
In this work, Weatherall takes on a fundamental concept of modern physics: nothing. The physics of stuff—protons, neutrons, electrons, and even quarks and gluons—is at least somewhat familiar to most of us. But what about the physics of nothing?
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The End of Everything
(Astrophysically Speaking)
By Katie Mack
We know the universe had a beginning. With the Big Bang, it expanded from a state of unimaginable density to an all-encompassing cosmic fireball to a simmering fluid of matter and energy, laying down the seeds for everything from black holes to one rocky planet orbiting a star near the edge of a spiral galaxy that happened to develop life as we know it.
But what happens to the universe at the end of the story?
And what does it mean for us now?
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